Touchen End
| Touchen End | |
|---|---|
| Village | |
 The former Holy Trinity church | |
  Touchen End Location within Berkshire | |
| Population | <100 |
| OS grid reference | SU875765 |
| Civil parish | |
| Unitary authority | |
| Ceremonial county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | MAIDENHEAD |
| Postcode district | SL6 |
| Dialling code | 01628 |
| Police | Thames Valley |
| Fire | Royal Berkshire |
| Ambulance | South Central |
| UK Parliament | |
Touchen End, formerly written Touchen-end, is a village in the civil parish of Bray in the English county of Berkshire. It is situated about 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Maidenhead and 5 miles (8 km) west of Windsor and lies on the border of Bray and Waltham parishes.
History
[edit]The earliest record of a settlement is from 1274 when it was called Twychene, however by 1360 it was registered as a tithing called Iwhurst. A man called John de Iwhurst first moved to the area in 1293 and his family remained until at least 1540.[1] By 1607, Twychene was part of Fines Bailiwick, an area of Windsor Forest owned by the Manor of Feens and Woolley. An ancient road from Touchen End to the Manor at Maidenhead Thicket can be identified running through Paley Street, Heywoods Manor and Breadcroft Lane.[1]
Toponymy
[edit]The settlement's earliest name, Twychene, is possibly a corruption of 'two chain' where chains were stretched across road junctions to enable a toll to be levied. As the village lies on the junction of the A330 and the B3024 this is a plausible explanation.[1] Another theory is that the Touchen End has evolved from a shortening of Tutchin Lane End meaning a hamlet at the fork of a road, twicen(e) being Old English for fork of a road.[2] In the years since 1274 the village has been recorded on maps and referred to in documents which show the evolution of the name:
| Name | Date | Source[2] |
| Twychene | 1274–1353 | Rentals and Surveys |
| Twichene | 1314–1316 | Ministers Accounts |
| La Twichen | 1316 | Calendar of Fine Rolls |
| La Twychene | 1338/9 | Calendar of Fine Rolls & Introduction to the Survey of English Place Names 1924 |
| Twechene | 1401/2 | Feudal Aids |
| Twechen | 1426/7 | Court Rolls (Bray) |
| Towchinge | 1586 | Rentals and Surveys |
| Tutcham Lane | 1641 | State Papers Domestic |
| Tutchin Lane End | 1711 | A Letter containing an account of some antiquities between Windsor and Oxford, T. Hearne |
| Tutchin Lane | 1761 | A Topographical Survey of the County of Berkshire, J. Rocque, 1761 |
| Tutchin Lane | 1790 | A topographical Map of the Town of Reading and the Country adjacent to an Extent of Ten Miles, Thomas Pride, 1790 |
| Tatchen Lane | 1800 | Map of Windsor Great Park and part of the Forest, Wm. Eden, 1800 |
Holy Trinity Church
[edit]
The village expanded in the mid-19th century with the building of an Anglican church, Holy Trinity, and an adjoining National School. The church was built in 1862 in the 14th-century style and is constructed of red brick with stone dressings and a tiled roof, the architect was John Turner.[3] The stained glass windows "of a simple grisaille pattern" and fittings were designed by William White.[4] Within five years the church was so overcrowded that a south aisle was built, paid for by public subscription including a donation from Queen Victoria.[5]
In later years, it served as a chapel of ease to St Michael's, Bray until it was deconsecrated in the early 1970s. It is now, along with the school buildings, a private residence. The south aisle was demolished at the time of conversion and the east window, given by David Blackmore, is now in a prison chapel at Long Crendon, Buckinghamshire.[6] The graveyard attached to Holy Trinity remains in use by the parish of Bray and is notable for the grave of William Thomas Forshaw VC.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Over, Luke (1993). The Royal Hundred of Bray. Tyrrell, Chris (Illustrations). Cliveden Press. ISBN 0-9521969-0-5.
- ^ a b Gelling, Margaret (1973). The Place Names of Berkshire. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-08575-6.
- ^ The Buildings of England, Berkshire. Nikolaus Pevsner. 1966 ISBN 0-14-071030-2
- ^ Editorial (14 June 1862). The Builder. p. 430.
- ^ Notebook of Revd. J.E. Austin Leigh. Berkshire records Office document number DP/23
- ^ History of Touchen End. R.Fontaine